Stomata are tiny pores on plant leaves that work like adjustable vents.
They let carbon dioxide (CO₂) in so the plant can make food, and they let oxygen and water vapour out. This water release helps cool the plant but also dries it out.
Each pore opens and closes depending on light, water, and stress. When water is plentiful, stomata open. When it is too dry or hot, they close to conserve moisture.
Quick scale
- About 0.001–0.002 inches wide, roughly 20–50 micrometres (µm)
Simple takeaway
Stomata help plants breathe, feed themselves, and manage water, all at the same time.
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