Mycorrhizae are symbiotic associations between certain fungi and plant roots. The fungi colonize the root system and extend into the surrounding soil or potting mix through fine thread-like structures called hyphae, increasing the effective surface area available for water and nutrient absorption.
In exchange for sugars produced by the plant through photosynthesis, mycorrhizal fungi can improve access to nutrients such as phosphorus and micronutrients, particularly in low-fertility soils. They may also help plants tolerate drought and environmental stress by improving root efficiency and soil exploration. Most garden and houseplant products contain endomycorrhizae, also called arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, which penetrate root cells of many herbaceous plants and tropical species.
Mycorrhizae are most effective when compatible fungi and host plants are present under suitable growing conditions. Some plant groups, including many members of the Brassicaceae family and certain aquatic or heavily fertilized systems, form weak or no mycorrhizal relationships. In container growing, benefits vary depending on substrate type, watering practices, fertilizer concentration, and root disturbance.
See Also
